rOOFING sYSTEM bASICS

Asphalt Shingles

The most common roofing material providing the primary look and protection of the home’s roof. Asphalt roof systems can last from 15-50 years depending on material choices, including:

Three-Tab Shingles

Traditional and cost-effective with a flat appearance and a uniform size.

Architectural Shingles

Thicker and more durable with a layered, textured look that mimics the appearance of wood or slate. Also known as dimensional shingles.

Luxury Shingles

High-end shingles that offer enhanced durability and a premium appearance.

Roof Deck

This is the structural base of the roof, usually made of plywood or oriented strand board (OSB). It provides the foundation for all other roofing components and is fastened to the roof frame made from 1” by 6” pine boards.

Underlayment

This is a layer of material applied over the roof deck under the shingles. It serves as a secondary barrier to water and adds protection against leaks. Common types include felt paper, synthetic and ice shield.

Starter Strips

These are specially designed shingles or strips placed along the eaves to create a watertight seal. They also help with proper alignment of the shingles during a full roof replacement.

Ridge Cap

Special shingles designed to cover the ridge of the roof where two slopes meet. They provide a finished look and protect against wind and water infiltration.

Ventilation

Proper roof ventilation is essential to extend the life of the roofing system and prevent moisture buildup. Common types include:

Ridge Vents

Installed along the peak of the roof to allow hot air and moisture to escape.

Soffit Vents

Located in the eaves to allow cooler air to enter the attic space.

Gable Vents

Placed in the gable ends of the roof for additional ventilation.

Drip Edge

A metal strip installed along the eaves and rakes of the roof to direct water into the gutters and protect the roof deck from water damage.

Gutters

Essential for directing rainwater away from the roof and foundation, gutters collect water from the roof edge while downspouts carry it down and away from the building.

Insulation

Fiberglass insulation is blown into attics and roof spaces with strong air barrier properties. It’s cost-effective and eco-friendly with moisture resistant properties to prevent mold growth.

Flashing

Flashing helps keep water away from roof seams, wall intersections or other sensitive junctions with the roof. It is typically made from durable materials like aluminum, copper or galvanized steel.

Base Flashing

This is used in both sidewall and counter flashing methods. It’s installed above the shingles and extends behind the siding or counterflashing to push water away from seams.

Counterflashing

This flashing is installed over base flashing onto the wall or chimney and covers the top edge of the base flashing with a high-strength caulking seal.